Web Accessibility Interview Questions
Accessibility is increasingly a hard requirement in interviews. Here are the common questions.
What is the biggest accessibility win?
Using semantic HTML — real <button>, <a>, <label>, <nav> and proper headings give keyboard support, focus and screen-reader meaning for free. Most a11y bugs come from re-implementing native elements with <div>s.
What is ARIA and when do you use it?
ARIA attributes describe custom widgets to assistive tech when no native element fits. 'No ARIA is better than bad ARIA' — prefer native elements and use ARIA only to fill gaps.
How do you make a site keyboard accessible?
Everything interactive must be reachable and operable with Tab/Enter/Space/arrows, with a logical tab order, a visible focus ring (:focus-visible), and focus management for modals.
What contrast ratios are required?
WCAG requires 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text. Never convey meaning with colour alone — add icons or text.
How do you announce dynamic updates?
Use aria-live='polite' regions (for toasts, validation) so screen readers announce changes without moving focus.
Build for everyone
Semantic HTML, ARIA, keyboard and focus — the accessibility chapter is in the Complete Frontend Kit's HTML & CSS Handbook.
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- Why does accessibility matter for interviews?
- It's a legal requirement in many markets, overlaps with SEO and good UX, and signals engineering maturity.
- How do you test accessibility?
- Keyboard-only navigation, a screen reader, and automated tools like axe — plus checking semantics and contrast.